Laryngoscopy and Vocal Cord Check
Laryngoscopy is an examination of the voice box and vocal cords. In thyroid care it is used when a voice change needs investigation, and sometimes before or after thyroid surgery to check the nerves that control the vocal cords.
The examination is quick and can be performed with a flexible camera through the nose or a rigid camera via the mouth.
Last medically reviewed: 15 November 2025
Key points
- Laryngoscopy shows the vocal cords and how they move.
- It is used for voice changes and around thyroid surgery.
- The procedure is quick and usually well tolerated.
- Nerve injury affecting the voice can be identified and monitored.
Why it is done
The recurrent laryngeal nerves run close to the thyroid and control the vocal cords. A large goitre, a nodule or thyroid cancer can affect these nerves, and thyroid surgery can temporarily or permanently disturb them.
Laryngoscopy is also used when a person has persistent hoarseness, to look for other causes such as polyps, inflammation or vocal cord paralysis.
How it is performed
A flexible laryngoscope is passed through the nose after local anaesthetic, or a rigid scope is used through the mouth. The clinician views the vocal cords and asks you to speak or breathe to assess movement.
The examination usually takes a few minutes and does not require sedation.
Before and after thyroid surgery
Some surgeons check the vocal cords before surgery as a baseline, especially if there is a voice change or a large goitre. After surgery, laryngoscopy may be used if the voice is persistently hoarse or weak.
Finding a nerve problem helps guide monitoring and speech therapy.
Results
The clinician can usually explain the findings immediately. If a problem is found, further assessment or speech therapy may be arranged.
When to seek urgent medical help
- Hoarseness lasting more than a few weeks.
- Breathing difficulty or noisy breathing.
- Voice change after thyroid surgery that is worsening.
This guidance does not replace emergency services. If you are seriously unwell, seek urgent medical care immediately.
Frequently asked questions
Is laryngoscopy uncomfortable?
It can be mildly uncomfortable, but it is quick and usually well tolerated. Local anaesthetic is used for the flexible approach.
Do I need it before thyroid surgery?
Not always, but it is often done when there is a voice change, a large goitre or concern about nerve function.
Can it show nerve damage?
Yes — it shows how the vocal cords move and can identify paralysis or weakness.
Will I be able to talk afterwards?
Yes — the anaesthetic wears off quickly. You may have a slight numb feeling in the throat for a short time.
References & further reading
This page is based on established medical knowledge and guidelines from authoritative sources. Always consult a qualified clinician for personal medical advice.
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